At 18, Darren Hardy was earning a six-figure income; at 24, earned
over a million; and at 27, owned a company producing $50 million
annually.[7] He has mentored entrepreneurs, advised large corporations, and is a board member of many companies and non-profit organizations.[7]
In September 2007, Darren Hardy joined SUCCESS magazine and SUCCESS
media. Prior to this position, Hardy held executive positions at two
personal development-focused television networks.[3]
He was executive producer and master distributor of The People’s
Network (TPN), and president of TSTN, The Success Training Network.[3] He now resides in San Diego, California and commutes to the company’s headquarters in Dallas, Texas.
SUCCESS Magazine
SUCCESS Magazine is a business publication.[8]
The magazine features leading CEOs, entrepreneurs, and
personal-achievement experts offering advice on achieving success.
Issues include a bound-in Dual Discs (CD&DVD in one) with
personal-achievement content from leading experts.[8] The magazine is nationally distributed by mail and to selected news outlets and has a rate base of 250,000 readers.[8] The magazine has an audience over one million people.[8]
Bibliography
Darren Hardy is the author of The Compound Effect—Jumpstart Your
Income, Your Life, Your Success. The book lists the fundamental
principles of achieving success in life organized in a six-step process
and a plan of action.
Awards
In 2012, Min’s Editorial & Design Awards awarded SUCCESS magazine
with a Honorable Mention for “How To/Instructional”, “Series”, the
article “American Comebacks”, “Special Supplement”, and “Online
Editorial Series”. SUCCESS magazine won Editorial & Design’s top
awards for “Best Single Financial Article” and “Cover Illustration”.
Personal
Darren Hardy lives in Cardiff by-the-Sea (San Diego), California with his wife.[2][6]
Darren Hardy is the publisher and founding director of SUCCESS magazine.[1][2][3][4] Hardy is a businessman, author, private equity investor, keynote speaker, corporate advisor, and a mentor to CEOs and entrepreneurs.[4][5][6]
He has been a leader in the professional development industry for 20
years, having led two personal development based television networks—The
People’s Network (TPN), and The Success Training Network (TSTN).[4][6][7]
Stop Saying You're Fine: Discover a More Powerful You
Stop Saying You're Fine: Discover a More Powerful You
Stop Saying You're Fine: Discover a More Powerful You
Right now, over 100 million Americans secretly feel frustrated and bored with their lives. You may be one of them if…
*you’ve come to regard yourself as “your own worst enemy”
*you’ve developed a commute-work-commute-sleep routine that seems endless
*you and your significant other treat each other like roommates
*you constantly daydream and wonder, “Is this all there is?”
*you sense a potentially hot relationship with someone next door, down the hall, or in the adjacent cubicle but somehow it never happens
*you worry that no matter what you do to stay in shape, the battle is already lost
*you have a tendency, when asked how you’re doing, to just say, “Fine.”
If any of the above sounds familiar, there’s clearly something missing
from your life. This book will help you discover what it is, and how to
win it back. Written by Mel Robbins, one of America’s top relationship
experts and radio/tv personalities, this hands-on guide not only shows
you how to put your finger on the problem, it reveals what to do about
it.
Mel Robbins has spent her career teaching people how to
push past their self-imposed limits to get what they truly desire. She
has an in-depth understanding of the psychological and social factors
that repeatedly hold you back, and more important, a unique set of tools
for getting you where you want to be. In Stop Saying You’re Fine,
she draws on the latest neuroscientific research, interviews with
countless everyday people, and ideas she’s tested in her own life to
show what works and what doesn’t. The key, she explains, is
understanding how your own brain works against you. Because evolution
has biased your mental gears against taking action, what you need are
techniques to outsmart yourself.
That may sound impossible,
but Mel has created a remarkably effective method to help you do just
that -- and some of her discoveries will astonish you. By ignoring how
you feel and seizing small moments of rich possibility –a process she
calls “leaning in” – you can make tiny course directions add up to huge
change. Among this book’s other topics: how everything can depend on not hitting
the “snooze” button; the science of connecting with other people, what
children can teach us about getting things done; and why five seconds is
the maximum time you should wait before acting on a great idea.
Blending warmth, humor and unflinching honesty with up-to-the-minute science and hard-earned wisdom, Stop Saying You’re Fine moves beyond the platitudes and easy fixes offered in many self-help books. Mel’s insightswill
actually help vault you to a better life, ensuring that the next time
someone asks how you’re doing, you can truthfully answer, “Absolutely great.”
Robbins was born Anthony J. Mahavorick in North Hollywood, California, on February 29, 1960. His surname was originally spelled 'Mohorovic' and is of Croatian origin. He adopted the surname 'Robbins' from his stepfather.[3]
He later moved to Azusa, California, and attended Glendora High School. In 1984 as his career began to take off, he bought the Del Mar Castle, designed by Richard Requa, for $1.7M. He sold the property in 1988 for $3.25M.[15]
Career
Robbins began his career promoting seminars for Jim Rohn.
According to Robbins, Rohn taught him that "happiness and success in
life are not the result of what we have, but rather of how we live. What
we do with the things we have makes the biggest difference in the
quality of life."[16]
Later Robbins began his own work as a self-help coach. He taught neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) and Ericksonian Hypnosis after training with NLP co-founder John Grinder. In 1983, Robbins learned to firewalk from Tolly Burkan[17] and began to incorporate it into his seminars.[18][19]
Robbins promoted his services as a "peak performance coach" through his books and TV infomercials, gaining strong public recognition and lucrative sales. He gained wide exposure through infomercials advertising his Personal Power series of self-help audiotapes.
In 1997, Robbins began the Leadership Academy seminar, in which participants learn to "[c]reate an identity for them self as someone who can help 'anyone', no matter what his/her challenge may be."[20] Robbins is a featured speaker on the seminar circuit sponsored by Learning Annex.
Robbins appeared as a featured speaker at the 2007 Technology,
Entertainment and Design (TED) conference. As of August 2012, his talk
was the 6th most popular TED talk.[21]
Robbins is involved with the Robbins-Madanes Center for Strategic
Intervention, which focuses on personal, family and organizational
psychology, and claims to help people "find breakthrough strategies and
solutions for overcoming the problems that confront us all."[22]
Seminars
Tony Robbins giving a talk at a Twitter conference in 2009
Robbins also conducts seminars, including his four-day Unleash the Power Within (UPW) seminar, Mastery University and Business Mastery.[23][24][25]
During Unleash The Power Within, participants walk barefoot
over hot coals. The aim of the seminar, demonstrated in the firewalk, is
to illustrate that the main quality shared by those who achieve
greatness is the ability to take action - even if they experience fear
("Personal Power").[26]
Mastery University is promoted at the UPW seminar.[23][24] Mastery University is composed of three seminars:
Life Mastery, espouses Robbins' ideas about what makes for a healthy lifestyle, and has in the past featured guest lecturers including Deepak Chopra and John Gray.
Wealth Mastery, espouses Robbins' ideas about what makes for a wealthy lifestyle.
Date With Destiny, the only Mastery event at which Robbins is
present for the entire event, is said to be designed to help
participants align their values so that they are not in conflict, but
rather are aligned with the participant's individual goals.[27]
In 1997, Robbins initiated his Leadership Academy seminar,[28]
in which he invites participants to learn the skills he uses, with the
stated goal of the program to enable the participant to "[c]reate an
identity for yourself as someone who can help 'anyone', no matter what
his/her challenge may be".[20]
In 2009 Robbins created his Business Mastery program,[25]
designed to provide business leaders with tools to manage and grow
their businesses. The seminar is conducted live by Robbins and features
entrepreneur guest speakers. Past speakers have included Steve Wynn, CEO of Wynn Resorts,[29]Peter Guber (Chairman & CEO of Mandalay Entertainment Group)[30] and Tony Hsieh (CEO and Founder of Zappos.com).[31][32]
Books
Robbins has published two best-selling books, Unlimited Power and Awaken the Giant Within. Unlimited Power,
published in 1987, discusses the topics of health and energy,
overcoming fears, persuasive communication, and enhancing relationships.[33] One reviewer called the book "uplifting and idealistic" and referenced the "dynamic enthusiasm" of the book;"[34]
and another describes Robbins as “a persuasive communicator who spends
more linage on step-by-step details of his recommendations than in
self-boosterism."[35] while another reviewer said it's "too wordy" and "reads like a transcript of a series of talks."[36]
Other reviewers dispute the book's originality, pointing to ideological similarities with Maxwell Maltz, Norman Vincent Peale, Napoleon Hill, and Dale Carnegie, all of whom Robbins acknowledges in his book.[37] Awaken the Giant Within, published in 1991, was an expansion
of his personal development techniques and strategies taught through a
motivational self-help type approach. Robbins made the distinction
between neuro-linguistic programming and his own technique, which he
calls 'Neuro-Associative Conditioning'. The trademarked difference is
defined by applying "conditioning" rather than "being programmed".[38]
Teachings
Controlling state
Robbins teaches that one should constantly take control of one's
emotional state by controlling one's body language, facial expressions,
breathing, mental representations, language, metaphors and mental focus.
Neuro-associative conditioning
Robbins teaches that people are held back from making the changes
they wish to make by the fact that they still associate pleasure to
their old pattern of behavior, and pain to changing. For example,
someone may be overweight, and may wish to lose weight, but still feel
that exercise is painful and that fattening foods are pleasurable.
Neuro-associative conditioning is intended to change these inclinations,
so that the new, productive behavior is now felt to be pleasurable, and
the old, sabotaging behavior is felt to be painful. According to
neuro-associative conditioning, there are six steps to changing these
inclinations:
Decide. Robbins teaches that personal change starts when the person makes a strong, irrevocable commitment to change.
Get leverage. To motivate them to change, the person must
acutely feel that their old habits were destructive and painful, and the
new ones are empowering and pleasurable.
Interrupt the old pattern. This is a neuro-linguistic
programming technique. When someone gets caught up in a familiar pattern
of thoughts, feelings and behaviors, Robbins teaches that they should
do something unexpected to shock themselves out of it. He writes in Awaken The Giant Within,
"Next time you start to feel depressed, jump up, look at the sky, and
yell in your most idiotic tone of voice, 'Hallelujah! My feet don't
stink today!' A stupid, silly move like that will definitely shift your
attention." Robbins frequently compares interrupting patterns to
scratching a record so that it will no longer play properly.
Create a new pattern. The person must have something new to replace their old habit with.
Condition the new pattern. This step involves repeating and reinforcing the new pattern until it is habitual.
Test it. Put yourself in the situation where you previously
would have engaged in the destructive behavior. Make sure you follow the
new pattern rather than the old one.
Life's two master lessons
According to Robbins, life offers two master lessons:
The science of achievement. This is "making the invisible
visible." Robbins says that materially successful people already have
this mastered. It is a learned process or pattern that can be repeated; a
method of one's successfully operating within their environment.
The art of fulfillment. Robbins says that this is a part of
life that is not attained very often, and when it is, it is often late
in life or after a serious issue where a person has faced death.[39]
Decision is the ultimate power
Robbins regards Western culture largely as a "therapy culture" that
believes biography is destiny. He asserts an alternative opinion that
the defining factor is our own resourcefulness. If we can connect with
other people on their own emotional level, we can achieve. We must
simply decide to be creative enough, playful enough, fun enough, and so
on.
Robbins describes the cultural tendency to look at one's past as a
definition of the future as a continuation of the impulse to look
externally when considering the cause of failure. For example, if a
person's business idea does not succeed, they might regard an external
resources deficiency, such as a lack of time, money, technology,
contacts, experience, or management as the critical reason for its
failure, when they likely were also deficient in an aspect of
resourcefulness (our internal resources), such as creativity,
determination, love, caring, curiosity, passion or resolve. According to
Robbins, "decision shapes destiny'; all of our external deficiencies
can be overcome by our own resourcefulness, and this resourcefulness can
be cultivated.[39]
The decisions we make
Continuing with the notion that our true resources are defined by our
own resourcefulness, Robbins says that our determination of our
resourcefulness is shaped by three decisions that we make at every
moment of our lives:
What am I going to focus on? What is your focus, or what are
you feeling? Is it something in your past, present, or future? Is your
focus on yourself, or on others? Robbins states that whatever you decide
to focus on, this gives it meaning. "What your focus is will be what
you feel."
What does it mean? Is it the end, or is it the beginning? Are
you being rewarded or punished? This meaning produces an emotion, and
the emotion creates an action. Robbins states that you should actively
choose what your object of focus means, which determines which emotion
you will experience.
What are you going to do? Are you going to give up, or go
forward? Depending upon which focus you have chosen, and the active
decision over what it means, you will either have a negative reaction,
or a positive one.[39]
What shapes us
Robbins says an examination of what shapes us is also a window into
understanding what shapes other people, and that understanding this is a
requirement for being able to exercise our resourcefulness. He states
that all people are shaped by two things:
State. This is both a person's physical and emotional state.
Model of the world. This shapes people in the long-term, and
is their "filter" for what they encounter. It determines meaning,
emotion, and action.[39]
Six human needs
Robbins teaches that all people must fulfill six emotional needs, and that often they meet these needs in dysfunctional ways.[40] The needs are:
Certainty. Assurance you can avoid pain and gain pleasure.
Uncertainty. The need for variety, the unknown, change, new stimuli.
Significance. Feeling unique, important, special or needed.
Love/connection. A strong feeling of closeness or union with someone or something.
Growth. An expansion of capacity, capability or understanding.
Contribution. A sense of service and focus on helping, giving to and supporting others.
Robbins states that the first four are "needs of the personality,"
and are attained by all people, in one way or another. If necessary,
people will resort to violence to achieve this attainment.
The last two, Growth and Contribution, are described by Robbins as
"needs of the spirit," and these provide fulfillment. These often are
not attained by many people.
Robbins states that whichever of these six needs are the most
important or significant to a person will ultimately tilt a person in a
specific direction and provide the trajectory that determines their
life.
What influences a person
If you want to influence a person in your drive to be resourceful (or
to understand what influences yourself), Robbins says that you must
understand three things: their target, their map, and their fuel.
Target. This is what a person is after. These aren't desires,
they are needs. Robbins also states that these are not formed by one's
experiences, but are preexisting. They are based on decision-making
patterns that are governed by the six basic needs.
Map. Once the person's target is uncovered, Robbins states
that you must determine the map. The map is the person's belief system
regarding how their needs will be fulfilled. Robbins says there are
seven different beliefs that lead to a proper map trajectory, if they
are applied consistently:
Everything happens for a reason and a purpose. Even if
something doesn't turn out how you wanted, take that as a learning
experience and imagine the possibilities of improvement. What did you
learn? How do you think you can improve this situation?
There is no such thing as failure, only results. Never look at failure as a result that you did not want as a failure. You should instead look at it as a learning experience.
Whatever happens, take responsibility. Great leaders and
successful people all believe that they create their own world. Remember
the phrase, "I am responsible, I will take care of it."
It is not necessary to understand everything to use it. If
other people have done something or you have tried it and it worked,
then go out and do that. Do not spend tons of time analyzing everything.
People are our greatest resource. Take advantage of information that people are sharing. Learn from others who are successful.
Work is play. Enjoy life, enjoy your business. No successful person hates what they do.
There is no abiding success without commitment. Individuals who succeed have a belief in the power of commitment.[41]
Fuel. A person's fuel is their emotions, whether positive or
negative. There are over 6,000 emotions in the English language, some of
which are empowering, and others which are dis-empowering. Robbins
states that research from RRI has found that there are only 12 basic
emotions that drive people's daily lives.
Robbins concludes by stating that a proper understanding of what
influences us allows us to fulfill all of our needs, including our
"needs of the spirit," growth and contribution. Ultimately, a mastery of
understanding human motivation is about contributing to others'
well-being and fulfillment.[39]
Six steps to emotional mastery
Identify what you are really feeling. Seek clarity from the
emotion. For example, you might ask yourself, "Am I feeling angry, or is
it something else?" Robbins says that these are not the emotions we
should emote, but Action Signals that inform us of our initial state.
Acknowledge and appreciate your emotions, knowing they support you.
Be thankful they are sending you a message. Cultivate the feeling of
appreciation for all your emotions. They are there to serve you, and not
the other way around.
Get curious about the message this emotion is offering you. Getting curious helps you master your emotion, solve the challenge, and prevent the same problem from occurring in the future.
Get confident. The fastest way to deal with an emotion is to
remember a time when you felt a similar emotion and realize that you've
successfully handled it before. If you do the same things, you will have
similar results.
Get certain you can handle this not only today, but in the future as well.
Robbins has had cameo roles in the 2001 movie Shallow Hal, the 1994 movie Reality Bites, three episodes of The Roseanne Show, and an episode of The Sopranos.[46] He plays himself in the 2010 film The Singularity Is Near: A True Story about The Future.
He was lampooned in episode 22 of season 3 of Family Guy.[47] In Men In Black, there is an array of screens in the headquarters monitoring aliens masquerading as humans. One of these screens shows Robbins.
In July 2010 NBC debuted Breakthrough with Tony Robbins, a reality show that followed Robbins as he helped the show's participants face their personal challenges.[48][49] NBC canceled the show, after airing two of the planned six episodes, due to low viewership of 2.8 million.[50] In March 2012 the OWN Network
picked the show up for another season beginning with the original first
season set to re-run and thereafter leading directly into the new 2012
season.[51]
In April 2012 Robbins began co-hosting Oprah's Lifeclass on the OWN Network.[52]
Anthony Robbins Foundation
In 1991 Robbins launched a charity, the Anthony Robbins Foundation.[53] It is dedicated to empowering students and prisoners through food drives and learning programs based on his teachings.[54]
According to the official website, the foundation has "products and
programs in more than 2,000 schools, 700 prisons, and 100,000 health and
human service organizations."[55]
These programs have been written about and featured in many dozens of
articles. They have appeared on various websites, like Cherish Our
Children International[56] and Harmony With No Limits.[57] The independent charity watchdog, Charity Navigator, gives the foundation a rating of three out of four stars.[58] The official website states that "the
Foundation is committed to make a difference in the quality of life for
children, the homeless, the prison population, and the elderly through
its various programs". The foundation has subsequently led to the
forming of "Basket Brigades" across the world that occur each
Thanksgiving. Individuals and groups have joined together to assemble
and deliver dinner baskets to needy families.[53]
Lawsuits
Federal Trade Commission: In May 1995, Robbins Research International (RRI) responded to Federal Trade Commission
charges of misrepresentation of potential earnings to franchise
investors. RRI and the FTC entered into a stipulated settlement
agreement, in which RRI agreed to pay 221,260 USD in consumer redress.
RRI did not admit guilt under the settlement.[59]
Wade Cook: Financial seminar guru Wade Cook
also sued Robbins for copyright infringement and plagiarism, alleging
that Robbins used proprietary terms in his seminars and in his book Wall Street Money Machine. In 1998 a Tacoma, Washington, jury ordered Robbins to pay Cook US$650,900 in damages. The order to pay damages was temporarily withdrawn[60] until 2000, when the 9th Circuit Court ruled that the trial judge had misinterpreted the statutes.
The verdict and damages were reinstated with a statement that "The
Court found that U.S. District Court Judge, Jack Tanner, erred in
"finding a conclusion contrary to the jury award" and sent instructions
to reinstate the award. "This is a landmark decision by the 9th Circuit
Court because of the high profile players and issues at stake" said lead
attorney and Wade Cook General Counsel, Troy Romero. "The Court is
telling individuals that, no matter who you are, the protection of
copyrightable material will be preserved." Robbins was forced to pay the
entire amount.[61]
In 2001 Robbins filed a lawsuit against The Vancouver Sun newspaper, alleging defamation and libel. The judge determined the Vancouver Sun defamed Robbins when it called him a hypocrite.
Awarding Robbins $20,000 in damages, the judge wrote "While damages are
presumed, the plaintiff's failure to take the witness stand and to
testify about his feelings and the impact of the defamation upon his
reputation leaves the court somewhat in the dark about these matters".
The court awarded Robbins his attorneys' fees and costs in addition to
damages.[62][63]
2012 Firewalking event
In July 2012, the San Jose Mercury News published a report about a Tony Robbins' Firewalk Event conducted in San Jose, California, on July 19, 2012. This was picked up by other media outlets including Fox News.
These reports were later retracted as inaccurate. On August 8, 2012, Fox News' program Fox & Friends issued an on-air retraction and correction to the inaccurate report; Steve Doocy stated:
During a recent segment concerning a Tony Robbins’ Fire Walk
Experience in San Jose, California, we reported more than two dozen
participants were hospitalized with burns. While a few of the 6,000
received minor burns akin to a sunburn, they received on-site medical
attention and continued to participate in the event. None were
hospitalized and there were no reported third-degree burns. We
understand news reports to the contrary were inaccurate.[64][65]
In 1984, Robbins and his ex-girlfriend, Liz Acosta, had a son, Jairek Robbins.[citation needed]
Robbins' first marriage was to Becky Jenkins, who already had three
children from two former marriages; Robbins considers them his own
children.[70] Robbins and his first wife were divorced in June 2001. He married Bonnie Humphrey, now known as Sage Robbins, later that year.
Robbins alluded to his personal belief in a higher power in Unlimited Power, giving the grand complexity of life as evidence of an intelligent designer.[71]
Robbins discovered he had a brain tumor in 1994. After a few months, his tumor infarcted.[72][not in citation given]
Anthony "Tony" Robbins (born February 29, 1960) is an American life coach, self-help author and motivational speaker. He became well known through his infomercials and self-help books, Unlimited Power and Awaken the Giant Within. Robbins writes about subjects such as health and energy, overcoming
fears, building wealth, persuasive communication, and enhancing
relationships. Robbins began his career learning from many different motivational speakers, and promoted seminars for his personal mentor, Jim Rohn. He is deeply influenced by neuro-linguistic programming. Robbins' work has been featured in major media including Time, Newsweek, Fortune, Forbes, Life, GQ, Vanity Fair, Businessweek, Tycoon, the Oprah Winfrey show, SUCCESS magazines, the CBS Evening News, NBC News, ABC's Prime Time Live, Fox News, CNN A&E, as well as newspapers, radio programs, and Internet media worldwide.[3][4] Robbins' programs have reached over 4 million people from 100 countries around the world.[5][6] In 2007, he was named to Forbes magazine's "Celebrity 100" list.[7] Forbes estimated that Robbins earned approximately $30 million USD in that year.[8] In 2002, Robbins was ranked as the 45th "Top Business Intellectual in the World” by Accenture’s Institute for Strategic Change.[9] Robbins has spoken at Harvard Business School[10] and was ranked by the school among the “Top 200 Business Gurus” (Harvard Business School Press, 2003).[11][12][13]
Charles "Chuck" Missler is an author, evangelical Christian, Bible teacher, and former businessman. He is the founder of the Koinonia House ministry based in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho.
Extreme Prophetic - Lance Wallnau - "Create an Attitude of Success"
Extreme Prophetic - Lance Wallnau - "Create an Attitude of Success"
Origins
Etymologically, the English term “coach” is derived from a medium of transport that traces its origins to the Hungarian word kocsi meaning “carriage” that was named after the village where it was first made.[1]
The first use of the term coaching to mean an instructor or trainer
arose around 1830 in Oxford University slang for a tutor who "carries" a
student through an exam.[2]
Coaching thus has been used in language to describe the process used to
transport people from where they are, to where they want to be. The
first use of the term in relation to sports came in 1861.[2]
Historically the evolution of coaching has been influenced by many
other fields of study including those of personal development, adult
education, psychology (sports, clinical, developmental, organizational,
social and industrial) and other organizational or leadership theories
and practices. Since the mid-1990s, coaching has developed into a more
independent discipline and professional associations such as the
Association for Coaching, The International Coach Federation, and the
European Coaching and Mentoring Council have helped develop a set of
training standards.[3][4]
Janet Harvey, president of the International Coach Federation, was
quoted in a New York Times article about the growing practice of Life
Coaching, in which she traces the development of coaching to the early
1970s Human Potential Movement and credited the teachings of Werner Erhard's "EST Training," the popular self-motivation workshops he designed and led in the '70s and early '80s.[5] Thomas Leonard[6]
who founded "Coach U", "International Coach Federation", "Coachville"
and "International Association of Coaches" was an EST employee in the
1980 's.[7]
The facilitative approach to coaching in sport was pioneered by Timothy Gallwey;[8]
before this, sports coaching was (and often remains) solely a
skills-based learning experience from a master in the sport. Other
contexts for coaching include executive coaching, life coaching,
emotional intelligence coaching and wealth coaching.
There are many definitions of coaching, mentoring and various styles of management and training.[9]
What follows are more succinct definitions of the various forms of
helping. However, there may be overlap between many of these types of
coaching activities.[10]
Managing is making sure people do what they know how to do. Training
is teaching people to do what they don’t know how to do. Mentoring is
showing people how the people who are really good at doing something do
it. Counselling is helping people come to terms with issues they are
facing. Coaching is none of these – it is helping to identify the skills
and capabilities that are within the person, and enabling them to use
them to the best of their ability.
Professional coaching uses a range of communication skills (such as
targeted restatements, listening, questioning, clarifying etc.) to help
clients shift their perspectives and thereby discover different
solutions to achieve their goals.[11]
These skills are used when coaching clients in any field. In this
sense, coaching is a form of 'meta-profession' that can apply to
supporting clients in any human endeavor, ranging from their concerns in
personal, professional, sport, social, family, political, spiritual
dimensions, etc.
Life coaching
Life coaching draws upon a variety of tools and techniques from other disciplines such as sociology, psychology, positive adult development and career counseling
with an aim towards helping people identify and achieve personal goals.
Specialty life coaches may have degrees in psychological counseling, hypnosis,
dream analysis, marketing and other areas relevant to providing
guidance. However, they are not necessarily therapists or consultants;
psychological intervention and business analysis may lie outside the
scope of some coaches' work.
Regulation
Critics see life coaching as akin to psychotherapy but without restrictions, oversight, regulation, or established ethical policies.[12]
Regulators have addressed some of these concerns on a state-by-state
basis. In 2009, the State of Tennessee issued a memorandum emphasizing
that life coaches may be subject to discipline if they perform
activities construable as personal, marital, or family counseling.[13]
Some other states have made no formal statement but have legal statutes
that broadly define mental-health practice. Hawaii, for example,
defines the practice of psychology as any effort aimed at behavior
change or to improve "interpersonal relationships, work and life
adjustment, personal effectiveness, behavioral health, [or] mental
health."[14] Although such states usually provide some exclusions to licensure requirements (such as for ordained clergy),
life coaches do not usually qualify for the exclusion. More favorably
to life coaches, in 2004 the Colorado General Assembly specifically
exempted trained life-coaches from licensure requirements that apply to
other mental and behavioral health professionals in that state.[15]
ADHD coaching is a specialized type of life coaching that uses specific techniques designed for working with the unique brain wiring of individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Coaches work with clients to help them better manage time,
organize, set goals and complete projects. In addition to helping
clients understand the impact ADHD has had on their lives, coaches can
help clients develop "work-around"
strategies to deal with specific challenges, and determine and use
individual strengths. Coaches also help clients get a better grasp of
what reasonable expectations are for them as individuals, since people
with ADHD "brain wiring" often seem to need external mirrors for
accurate self-awareness about their potential despite their impairment.[16]
Business coaching
Business coaching is a type of personal or human resource development.
It provides positive support, feedback and advice to an individual or
group basis to improve their personal effectiveness in the business
setting. Business coaching includes executive coaching, corporate
coaching and leadership coaching.
The Professional Business Coach Alliance, The International Coach
Federation, the International Coaching Council and the Worldwide
Association of Business Coaches provide a membership-based association
for business coaching professionals. These and other organizations train
professionals to offer business coaching to business owners. However,
there is no certification required to be a business or executive coach,
and membership in such self-designed organizations is entirely optional.
Further, standards and methods of training coaches can vary widely from
organization to organization, reiterating the open-ended nature of
business coaching. Many business coaches refer to themselves as
Consultants, a broader business relationship than one which exclusively
involves coaching.[17]
According to a MarketData Report in 2007, an estimated 40,000 people in
the US, work as business or life coaches, and the $2.4 billion industry
is growing at rate of 18% per year.[18] According to the National Post, business coaching is one of the fastest growing industries in the world.[19]
There are almost as many different ways of delivering business
coaching as there are business coaches. Some offer personal support and
feedback, others combine a coaching approach with practical and
structured business planning and bring a disciplined accountability to
the relationship. Particularly in the small business market, business
coaching is as much about driving profit as it is about developing the
person.
Coaching is not a practice restricted to external experts or
providers. Many organizations expect their senior leaders and middle
managers to coach their team members to reach higher levels of
performance, increased job satisfaction, personal growth, and career
development. Business coaching is not the same as mentoring.
Mentoring involves a developmental relationship between a more
experienced "mentor" and a less experienced partner, and typically
involves sharing of advice. A business coach can act as a mentor given
that he or she has adequate expertise and experience. However, mentoring
is not a form of business coaching.[20]
Executive coaching
Executive coaching is designed to help facilitate professional and
personal development to the point of individual growth, improved
performance and contentment. Most important, the coach attempts to
stimulate the client's self-discovery by posing powerful questions
and/or assigning homework that may take the form of "thought
experiments" with written product or "field experiments" which are
actions to try in the real world that may result in experiential
learning and development of new approaches to situations. Coaches need
to have a strong understanding of individual differences in a work place
as well as the ability to adapt their coaching style or strategies. It
is suggested that those coaches who are unable to acknowledge these
differences will do more harm than good. Many executive coaches have a
specific area of expertise: sports; business or psychology. Regardless
of specific area of focus, coaches still need to be aware of
motivational needs and cultural differences.
Executive coaches work their clients towards specific professional
goals. These include career transition, interpersonal and professional
communication, performance management, organizational effectiveness,
managing career and personal changes, developing executive presence,
enhancing strategic thinking, dealing effectively with conflict, and
building an effective team within an organization. An industrial
organizational psychologist is one example of executive coaching.[21]
Control Theory
Multiple factors affect coaching such as motivation, cultural
differences, goals, and feedback. Control theory focuses on goals and
feedback. The basic premise of control theory is that people attempt to
control the state of some variable by regulating their own behavior.
With behavioral regulation, first compare the goal with feedback. After
comparing the two you can now evaluate if there is a behavior that can
be changed to increase performance which will help reach your goal.[22]
Expat and global executive coaching
Expat and global Executive coaching deals specifically with the
unique set of challenges created from crossing cultures following an
international or domestic relocation. This niche of coaching tends to
center around adapting to a new culture, identity issues created within
relocating families, difficulties attaining professional goals amidst a
changing political and social structure, and other social and personal
hurdles unique to each individual. This method of coaching is either
individual, or group-based and helps the client gain fulfillment,
success and a sense of identity in the areas that are coached.[citation needed]
Career coaching
Career coaching focuses on work and career or issues around careers. It is similar in nature to career counseling
and traditional counseling. Career coaching is not to be confused with
life coaching, which concentrates on personal development. Another
common term for a career coach is career guide,
although career guides typically use techniques drawn not only from
coaching, but also mentoring, advising and consulting. For instance,
skills coaching and holistic counseling are increasingly of equal
importance to careers guidance in the UK.[23]
Financial coaching
Financial coaching is an emerging form of coaching that focuses on
helping clients overcome their struggle to attain specific financial
goals and aspirations they have set for themselves. At its most basic,
financial coaching is a one-on-one relationship in which the coach works
to provide encouragement and support aimed at facilitating attainment
of the client's financial plans. Recognizing the array of challenges
inherent in behavior change, including all too human tendencies to
procrastinate and overemphasize short-term gains over long-term
wellbeing, they monitor their clients’ progress over time and hold the
client accountable. This monitoring function is hypothesized to boost
clients’ self-control and willpower. Previous studies in psychology
indicate that individuals are much more likely to follow through on
tasks when they are monitored by others, rather than when they attempt
to ‘self-monitor’. Although early research links financial coaching to
improvements in client outcomes, much more rigorous analysis is
necessary before any causal linkages can be established.[24]
In contrast to financial counselors and educators, financial coaches do
not need to be experts in personal finance because they do not focus on
providing financial advice or information to clients.
Personal coaching
Personal coaching is a process which is designed and defined in a relationship agreement between a client and a coach. It is based on the client's expressed interests, goals and objectives.
A professional coach may use inquiry, reflection, requests and discussion
to help clients identify personal and/or business and/or relationship
goals, and develop action plans intended to achieve those goals. The
client takes action, and the coach may assist, but never leads or does
more than the client. Professional coaching is not counseling, therapy or consulting.[25] These different skill sets and approaches to change may be adjunct skills and professions.
Systemic coaching
Systemic coaching is a form of counseling that employs constructivistic
conversation, aimed at human problem resolution. Systemic coaching
recognizes that in order for two or more persons to interact effectively
in a social system, any one individual or group of individuals within
that system, each as an element of the whole, may require or benefit
from coaching aimed at restoring equilibrium or creating a new
alignments.
In the world of health and wellness, a health coach is an emerging
new role. Health coaching is becoming recognized as a new way to help
individuals "manage" their illnesses and conditions, especially those of
a chronic nature.[citation needed]
The coach will use special techniques, personal experience, expertise
and encouragement to assist the coachee in bringing his/her behavioral
changes about.
In sports,
a coach is an individual that teaches and supervises, which involves
giving directions, instruction and training of the on-field operations
of an athletic team or of individual athletes. This type of coach gets
involved in all the aspects of the sport, including physical and mental
player development. Sports coaches train their athletes to become better
at the physical components of the game, while others train athletes to
become better at the mental components of the game. The coach is assumed
to know more about the sport, and have more previous experience and
knowledge. The coach’s job is to transfer as much of this knowledge and
experience to the players to develop the most skilled athletes. When
coaching its entail to the application of sport tactics and strategies
during the game or contests itself, and usually entails substitution of
players and other such actions as needed. Many coaches work at setting
their own rules and regulations. They are expected to provide and
maintain a drug free environment, act as a role model both on and off of
the fields and courts. Coaches must ensure that their players are safe
and protected during games as well as during practices.[26][27][28]
Dating coaches are coaches whose job is to direct and train people to
improve their success in dating and relationships. A dating coach
directs and trains his/her clients on various aspects of meeting and
attracting long-term partners and meeting more compatible prospects. The
focus of most programs is on confident and congruent communication.
Dating coaches may focus on topics important to the art of dating: interpersonal skills, flirting, psychology, sociology, compatibility, fashion and recreational activities. Neil Strauss in The Game: Penetrating the Secret Society of Pickup Artists also focuses on neuro-linguistic programming (NLP), theories of persuasion, history and evolutionary biology, body language, humor and street smarts.
Conflict coaching
Conflict coaching may be used in an organizational context or in matrimonial and other relationship
matters. Like many other techniques of this nature, it is premised on
the view that conflict provides an opportunity to improve relationships,
to create mutually satisfactory solutions and attain other positive
outcomes when differences arise between and among people.[citation needed]
Victimization coaching
Victimisation coaching is a type of life coaching
that educates people who consider themselves as victims of crime or
those who fear victimisation. Coaches work with groups of people to
assist them on how to identify and approach potentially hazardous
situations.
Christian coaching
Christian coaching is becoming more common among religious
organizations and churches. A Christian coach is not a pastor or
counselor (although he may also be qualified in those disciplines), but
rather someone who has been professionally trained to address specific
coaching goals from a distinctively Christian or biblical perspective.
Although training courses exist, there is no single regulatory body
for Christian coaching. Some of these training programs feature
best-selling Christian authors, leaders, speakers or pastors. Several of
these authors have developed their own coach training programs, such as
Dr. Lance Wallnau, Henry Cloud and John Townsend or John C. Maxwell.
Coaching ethics and standards
One of the challenges in the field of coaching is upholding levels of
professionalism, standards and ethics. To this end, many of the
coaching bodies and organizations have codes of ethics and member
standards and criteria according to which they hold their members
accountable in order to protect coaching clients' interests.[citation needed]
Viability as a career
Coaching as a career has become increasing popular over the past 15 years, fueled in part by the work of Thomas J. Leonard.
However, the competitive marketplace has posed problems for some.
Suzanne Falter-Barnes and David Wood demonstrated in a 2007 survey of
3,000 coaches that more than 50% are earning less than $10,000 a year.[29] However, the survey canvassed a mixture of full-time and part-time coaches.
Extreme Prophetic - Lance Wallnau - "Create an Attitude of Success"
Coachingis a training or development process via which an
individual is supported while achieving a specific personal or
professional competence result or goal. The individual receiving
coaching may be referred to as coachee. Occasionally, the term coaching
may be applied to an informal relationship between two individuals where
one has greater experience and expertise than the other and offers
advice and guidance as the other goes through a learning process, but
coaching differs from mentoring by focusing upon competence specifics, as opposed to general overall development. Some coaches use a style in which they ask questions and offer
opportunities that will challenge the coachee to find answers from
within him/herself. This facilitates the learner to discover answers and
new ways of being based on their values, preferences and unique
perspectives.
